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The USMCA Review (If the USMCA Survives!) Needs To Address the National Security Loophole

I don't know if the USMCA is going to survive all the U.S. tariffs on Canada and Mexico, along with the Canadian and Mexican retaliation. Will the agreement make it to the USMCA review next year? We'll see. If we do make it though, I
Simon Lester 13 Mar 2025 2 min read

Will a "Zombie USMCA" Survive the Tariff Onslaught?

With all the tariffs imposed by the Trump administration on Canada and Mexico (under IEEPA already, under Section 232 soon, maybe under Section 301, and various other possibilities as well), and with the Canadian and Mexican tariff retaliation, how much is left of the USMCA? In economic terms, the creation
Simon Lester 09 Mar 2025 2 min read

Trump on Reciprocal Tariffs

In last night's address to Congress, Trump said the following about reciprocal tariffs: Other countries have used tariffs against us for decades, and now it's our turn to start using them against those other countries. On average, the European Union, China, Brazil, India, Mexico and Canada
Simon Lester 05 Mar 2025 3 min read

Free Speech and Trade Policy

In my last post, I briefly mentioned this point about free speech from Trump's recent memo on "Defending American Companies and Innovators From Overseas Extortion and Unfair Fines and Penalties": The Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the United States Trade Representative shall
Simon Lester 25 Feb 2025 2 min read

How the US Reciprocal Tariff Plan Could Save the WTO

The US plan to impose reciprocal tariffs is a game changer. If you ask The Economist, Trump’s tariffs “really mean chaos for global trade”. We submit that, if managed well, the opposite could be true: a new balance in global trade and the revival of the World Trade Organization
Joost Pauwelyn 24 Feb 2025 6 min read

The Trump Administration's New Push on Foreign Digital Taxes and Regulations

I have done a number of posts over the years on what U.S. trade officials mean when they talk about foreign digital taxes and regulations "discriminating" against U.S. companies. Are they talking about the intent of the measure or just its effect? On the latter, is
Simon Lester 22 Feb 2025 4 min read

Lighthizer's Proposal for the Trading System

Former U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer had a recent NY Times op-ed in which he argues for some big changes to the trading system. He starts off by complaining about other governments' industrial policies: What brought down the postwar trading order was the rise in many countries
Simon Lester 17 Feb 2025 4 min read

Some Quick Thoughts on "Reciprocal Trade and Tariffs"

I'm going to flesh this out a bit more later, but I wanted to post something now on today's Trump administration memo on reciprocal trade and tariffs, which involves agency investigations of "the harm to the United States from any non-reciprocal trade arrangements adopted
Simon Lester 13 Feb 2025 3 min read

Tooze vs. Tai on the Political Impact of the Biden Administration's Policies

At a recent conference in Brussels, on a panel entitled "The Battleground for Global Economic Domination: What's Ahead for Europe, as the US and China Fight for Supremacy?", Adam Tooze of Columbia University and former U.S. Trade Rep. Katherine Tai had an exchange on the
Simon Lester 11 Feb 2025 4 min read

Notes from the Jamieson Greer Hearing

Jamieson Greer had his Senate nomination hearing yesterday. Here are a few exchanges that I found to be of interest. Historical Examples of Successful Universal Tariffs Senator Ron Wyden (D-OR) asked a great question about the historical record of universal tariffs, which is something that Trump has talked about:
Simon Lester 07 Feb 2025 9 min read

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Why Section 338 Does Not Work in a GATT/WTO World: Lessons from Trade Law History

On July 21, 2026, President Trump exercised his authority under Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (hereinafter Section 338) to impose the maximum amount of additional tariffs (fifty per cent) on Canadian cars, alcohol, and dairy, owing to his determination of Canada’s discriminatory treatment of US exports.
23 Jul 2026 10 min read

EU WTO Reform Proposal Seeks To Extend Accession-Based State Enterprise Rules To All Members

In a new WTO reform paper entitled "Further Reflections on Disciplines, Subsidies and Industrial policy," the EU argues for stronger WTO disciplines on the behavior of state enterprises.
17 Jul 2026 5 min read

Governments Make Their Case Against Section 301 Forced Labor Tariffs

Last month, USTR made a determination in its Section 301 investigation into "Acts, Policies, and Practices of Various Economies Related to the Failure To Impose and Effectively Enforce a Prohibition on the Importation of Goods Produced With Forced Labor."
10 Jul 2026 5 min read

How Should the EU Get Tough with China? Unilateral Action vs. WTO Complaints

I've seen several recent calls for the EU to get tougher in its economic relations with China, along with arguments that it has been too slow to act against the Chinese economic threat.
06 Jul 2026 4 min read

Trump Administration Decides Not To Extend USMCA for Another Term: What Does That Mean Exactly?

Today, as part of the first joint review of the USMCA, the three governments held a virtual meeting.
01 Jul 2026 4 min read

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