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Guest Post: The U.S. and China Rivalry: Geo-Political Context of Free Trade Agreements

This is a guest post from Bashar H. Malkawi (Dean and Professor of Law, University of Sharjah) International trade constitutes a vital lynchpin of the global governance architecture with a staggering $20 Trillion of annual trade. The global trade order consists of trade policies and systems – in particular free trade
Simon Lester 21 Nov 2018 4 min read

The Geoeconomic World Order

Here is the opening of a new blog post from Anthea Roberts, Henrique Choer Moraes, and Victor Ferguson over on Lawfare: We appear to be entering into a new geoeconomic world order, characterized by great power rivalry between the United States and China and the clear use of economic tools
Simon Lester 19 Nov 2018 1 min read

GATT Article XX and non-GATT WTO Agreements

Last week's Thailand - Cigarettes (Philippines), Article 21.5 panel report considered the issue of whether GATT Article XX can provide a defense to claims under the Customs Valuation Agreement: 7.732. Thailand argues that, insofar as the Charges are inconsistent with the provisions of the CVA, such inconsistency
Simon Lester 19 Nov 2018 7 min read

More WTO Complaints Against China, Including an "Adverse Effects" Nullification or Impairment Claim

Along with Jim Bacchus and Huan Zhu, I have a new Cato paper out today on using the WTO to make China more market-oriented. Some of the main points are: -- China's economic ambition is good. The world is better off with a wealthier China. -- However, China does
Simon Lester 15 Nov 2018 7 min read

More on How to Determine Whether a Measure is a Safeguard Measure

In the India - Iron and Steel Products panel report circulated last Wednesday, the panel explained that it would consider the question of whether the measure at issue is a safeguard measure: 7.30. In this dispute, most of the claims have been raised by Japan under Article XIX of the
Simon Lester 11 Nov 2018 3 min read

Investment Arbitration Workshop in Oslo

The folks at Pluricourts asked me to post the following: Call for papers: The ISDS Academic Forum, together with PluriCourts Centre for Excellence (LEGINVEST) and Forum for Law & Social Science at the University of Oslo, will host a workshop on reforming international investment arbitration in Oslo 1-2 February
Simon Lester 11 Nov 2018 1 min read

UNCITRAL and ISDS Reforms: Moving to Reform Options … the Politics

First published on EJIL: Talk! In the last blog, I provided an update on the UNCITRAL process, including the consensus decision from Vienna last week to move forward to consider possible reforms of investor-state arbitration. This decision is very significant. But to get a sense of how this decision
Anthea Roberts 08 Nov 2018 7 min read

UNCITRAL and ISDS Reforms: Moving to Reform Options … the Process

First published on EJIL Talk! Last week has been described as a watershed moment for ISDS reform. During a meeting in Vienna, states decided by consensus on the desirability of developing reforms in UNCITRAL with respect to investor-state arbitration. States now have an opportunity to make proposals for a
Anthea Roberts 07 Nov 2018 5 min read

A Watershed Moment for ISDS Reform

Last week marked a watershed moment for the movement to reform investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). Meeting in Vienna, Delegations to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Working Group III (WGIII) agreed to work multilaterally to reform the resolution of investment disputes. Delegations agreed to focus on
Julian Arato 04 Nov 2018 4 min read

The Problem of Insufficient Notifications

Last year, I mentioned a U.S. proposal on WTO notifications. It looks like the U.S. now has a few others on board: PROCEDURES TO ENHANCE TRANSPARENCY AND STRENGTHEN NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS UNDER WTO AGREEMENTS COMMUNICATION FROM ARGENTINA, COSTA RICA, THE EUROPEAN UNION, JAPAN, AND THE UNITED STATES The following
Simon Lester 04 Nov 2018 6 min read

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What Kind of Discrimination Should Section 338 Target?

A couple weeks ago, the U.S. International Trade Commission asked for public comments on implementing Section 338.
25 Sep 2026 5 min read

Jake Sullivan Wants To Build On the Biden Administration's Industrial Policy

In a recent article, Jake Sullivan makes the case for continuing on with the Biden administration's economic policies, arguing for an even broader and more comprehensive industrial policy than what we saw under Biden.
13 Sep 2026 6 min read

How Difficult Will It Be Politically To Remove Trump's Tariffs?

Heather Hurlburt, who was the Chief of Staff for U.S. Trade Rep. Katherine Tai from 2022-2024, recently poured some cold water on the idea that Trump's tariffs might be removed quickly after he is out of office.
12 Aug 2026 3 min read

Why Section 338 Does Not Work in a GATT/WTO World: Lessons from Trade Law History

On July 21, 2026, President Trump exercised his authority under Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (hereinafter Section 338) to impose the maximum amount of additional tariffs (fifty per cent) on Canadian cars, alcohol, and dairy, owing to his determination of Canada’s discriminatory treatment of US exports.
23 Jul 2026 10 min read

EU WTO Reform Proposal Seeks To Extend Accession-Based State Enterprise Rules To All Members

In a new WTO reform paper entitled "Further Reflections on Disciplines, Subsidies and Industrial policy," the EU argues for stronger WTO disciplines on the behavior of state enterprises.
17 Jul 2026 5 min read

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