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Is Investment Treaty Arbitration Biased Against Developing Countries?

In a short paper, Kevin Gallagher and Elen Shrestha discuss the issue of whether investment treaty arbitration is biased against developing countries.  They first note the argument of those who say there is no bias: Defenders claim that the system does not unfairly subject developing countries to arbitral panels.  When
Simon Lester 08 Jun 2011 3 min read

Is the TPP a Model for Future Trade Agreements?

Claude Barfield wonders whether the Trans-Pacific Partnership is "a model for twenty-first-century trade agreements."  In this regard, he notes that: At the first meeting in Melbourne in March 2010, the negotiators established ten negotiating groups, including industrial goods, agriculture, sanitary and phytosanitary standards, telecommunications, financial
Simon Lester 05 Jun 2011 3 min read

Zeroing at the Supreme Court?

Following-up on this post, here's the question presented to the U.S. Supreme Court in a cert. petition filed by steel company Nucor last week: Whether the Tariff Act of 1930—which defines “dumping” as “the sale or likely sale of goods at less than fair value”
Simon Lester 30 May 2011 8 min read

A WTO Moot Court Dynasty?

Melbourne Law School has won again: Melbourne Law School has won the prestigious 2011 European Law Students’ Association Moot Court Competition on the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva. Melbourne’s team comprised law students Philip Aitken (Juris Doctor), Glyn Ayres (Juris Doctor), Daniel Ari Baker (Bachelor
Simon Lester 30 May 2011 1 min read

Intent, Export Contingency, and National Treatment

Do the Appellate Body's statements in EC - Aircraft on de facto export contingency tell us anything about the National Treatment standard?  The Panel's findings had seemed to place a lot of emphasis on the reasons for the measure as the basis for determining whether export contingency
Simon Lester 26 May 2011 3 min read

John Magnus on the Appellate Body's Double Remedies Ruling

He doesn't like it.  Here's one part of why: The following is a fair summary of the AB decision. Domestic subsidies when used to reduce export price will, unless they also produce a lower normal value calculation, increase the recipient’s dumping margin and be offset
Simon Lester 22 May 2011 2 min read

Extinguishment of Subsidies: Three Members, Three Opinions

In case there was any doubt that the issue of whether subsidies can be "extinguished" through privatizations or other sales of a company, the three members of the Appellate Body Division in EC - Aircraft set out three separate opinions on the issue: 726. Although the Members of this
Simon Lester 19 May 2011 4 min read

The EC - Aircraft Appellate Body Report: The New Export Subsidy Standard

From the report: 1044. Because anticipated exportation "alone is not proof that the granting of the subsidy is tied tothe anticipation of exportation"2342, the legal standard for  de facto  export contingency under Article 3.1(a) and footnote 4 of the SCM Agreement further requires that there
Simon Lester 18 May 2011 3 min read

The EC - Aircraft Appellate Body Report

Here it is on our web site.  The big issues I was looking at are: -- Is launch aid a program? -- Can certain launch aid contracts at issue be considered "export subsidies"? Here's what the Appellate Body said on each: Is launch aid a program? The Appellate
Simon Lester 18 May 2011 3 min read

Even More Double Remedies

AFP reports: China said Monday it would levy anti-subsidy duties of up to 11.19 percent on imports of EU potato starch, in apparent retaliation over Brussels' decision to slap taxes on Chinese fine art paper. The commerce ministry said in a statement that importers of potato starch
Simon Lester 16 May 2011 4 min read

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Featured

Does The EU Need Its Own Section 301 To Counter China's Distortions?

Recently, economists Sander Tordoir and Brad Setser suggested that the EU may need its own version of Section 301 in order to "confront China’s systemic distortions beyond piecemeal trade defence."
17 Jun 2026 7 min read

The Section 301 Forced Labor Import Ban Report

On June 2, 2026, USTR released its report on its Section 301 investigation into acts, policies, and practices of various economies related to the failure to impose and effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor.
04 Jun 2026 11 min read

What To Expect from the USMCA Review?

The USMCA review is almost upon us. How exactly things will proceed is a bit unclear, as we've never done this sort of thing before, but July 1 is the six year anniversary of the USMCA's entry into force.
03 Jun 2026 15 min read

China in the World Trading System: A Response to Chad, and Some Comments on Froman-Greer

I'm going to use this post to (1) respond to Chad and (2) comment on an exchange between current U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer and former U.S. Trade Rep. Mike Froman at a recent CFR event.
01 Jun 2026 7 min read

My Response To Simon on China in the World Trading System

Here are two quick reactions to the super important question of what explains why countries did not use WTO dispute settlement to push China to change.
28 May 2026 2 min read

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