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Online Gambling in the U.S.

It's booming, at least in fantasy sports: The daily fantasy sports boom began somewhere over the Atlantic Ocean in March 2009. On a trip from Britain to Texas, flying to the South by Southwest festival, Eccles pored through a copy of the Unlawful Internet Gaming Enforcement Act (UIGEA)
Simon Lester 23 Apr 2015 1 min read

The "Right to Regulate" and FET

I was watching the Senate Finance Committee markup of the TPA bill last night -- I really enjoy the "voice votes," where they all speak as loudly as they can! -- and I was struck by an exchange between Senator Sherrod Brown and USTR General Counsel Tim Reif.  Brown was
Simon Lester 23 Apr 2015 1 min read

Sovereignty in the TPA Bill

Last year, I mentioned a puzzling provision on "sovereignty" in the TPA bill introduced in the Senate.  This year's Senate TPA Bill has the same provision, but I'm going to highlight a different aspect: SEC. 8. SOVEREIGNTY. ... (c) DISPUTE SETTLEMENT REPORTS.—Reports, including findings
Simon Lester 22 Apr 2015 1 min read

The Problem With Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements

From some economists: Recent decades have witnessed two major trends in international trade. First, technological progress and falling trade barriers have led to the emergence of global value chains and to a surge in international trade in intermediate goods. Second, there has been a proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs)
Simon Lester 22 Apr 2015 1 min read

More on Best Treatment and National Treatment

Here's the conclusion of the paper by Arwel Davies that I mentioned a while back: The advice for Treaty drafters is that there is some scope for clarifying the TNLF [treatment no less favourable] standard, to the extent that phrases such as ‘no less favourable than the most
Simon Lester 20 Apr 2015 1 min read

Are Complainants Abandoning TBT Agreement Article 2.2?

This is from a paper about WTO dispute settlement published on the ICTSD website as part of the E15 process: there is evidence that the existing ... perception that claims under Article 2.2 of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) are extremely difficult to win is having
Simon Lester 20 Apr 2015 1 min read

Could the Uruguay Round Be Completed Today?

This is from Pierre Sauvé and Marta Soprana: The ASCM, like the Uruguay Round of which it formed a part, was quite clearly the byproduct of a peculiar, “end of history” moment. It is doubtful that such disciplines could easily be replicated today given the vastly more questioning attitudes that
Simon Lester 20 Apr 2015 1 min read

The Tuna 21.5 WTO Panel Report: Timing of the Discrimination Analysis

This is from the Tuna 21.5 WTO panel report: 7.448. Before concluding, the Panel must deal with the United States' argument that with regard to the access to the dolphin-safe label, no tuna product of a Member has a right to the label. The United States
Simon Lester 17 Apr 2015 2 min read

The Tuna 21.5 WTO Panel Report: Unilateralism

This is from the Tuna 21.5 WTO panel report: 7.466. Before concluding, we note that in its second written submission, Mexico argues that what it considers to be the United States' unilateral action in designing and applying the dolphin-safe labelling conditions and requirements of the amended
Simon Lester 17 Apr 2015 2 min read

ESIL Annual Conference 2015, Oslo

From the University of Oslo: The 11th Annual Conference of the European Society of International Law (Oslo, September 10-12, 2015) will be hosted by the University of Oslo’s PluriCourts Center on the Legitimate Roles on the Judiciary in the Global Order. The conference is entitled “The Judicialization of
Simon Lester 17 Apr 2015 1 min read

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International Economic Law and Policy Blog

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A law of many meanings: Exchange Actions under the GATT and IMF

Earlier this week, Simon Lester posted about the EU’s concerns with the undervaluation of the Chinese currency. He situated the recent demands for trade restrictions against a longstanding debate about the function of GATT Article XV:4.
25 Jun 2026 7 min read

Does The EU Need Its Own Section 301 To Counter China's Distortions?

Recently, economists Sander Tordoir and Brad Setser suggested that the EU may need its own version of Section 301 in order to "confront China’s systemic distortions beyond piecemeal trade defence."
17 Jun 2026 7 min read

The Section 301 Forced Labor Import Ban Report

On June 2, 2026, USTR released its report on its Section 301 investigation into acts, policies, and practices of various economies related to the failure to impose and effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor.
04 Jun 2026 11 min read

What To Expect from the USMCA Review?

The USMCA review is almost upon us. How exactly things will proceed is a bit unclear, as we've never done this sort of thing before, but July 1 is the six year anniversary of the USMCA's entry into force.
03 Jun 2026 15 min read

China in the World Trading System: A Response to Chad, and Some Comments on Froman-Greer

I'm going to use this post to (1) respond to Chad and (2) comment on an exchange between current U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer and former U.S. Trade Rep. Mike Froman at a recent CFR event.
01 Jun 2026 7 min read

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