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Non-Violation Claims in the Steel/Aluminum WTO Complaints

Here are all six WTO consultations requests filed so far against the U.S. Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum products: U.S. - Measures on Steel and Aluminium (DS552) June 12, 2018 Norway U.S. - Measures on Steel and Aluminium (DS551) June 5, 2018 Mexico U.S. - Measures on
Simon Lester 20 Jun 2018 1 min read

Tariff Threats as a Negotiating Tactic

Josh Barro describes Trump's approach to negotiations as follows: Donald Trump has a negotiating tactic he really likes: Threaten to do something someone else will really hate, and then offer to stop if they give you what you want. ... One of his tactics on trade, for example, is
Simon Lester 17 Jun 2018 4 min read

The Use of Object and Purpose by Trade and Investment Adjudicators

This is from Graham Cook: For those interested in matters of treaty interpretation and legal reasoning, here is a new paper on "The Use of Object and Purpose by Trade and Investment Adjudicators: Convergence without Interaction". It analogizes the practice of WTO and ISDS tribunals to the story
Simon Lester 15 Jun 2018 1 min read

Investment Arbitrators Weigh In on GATT Article XXI

This is from the 2016 Devas v. India Award (some footnotes omitted): 219. Indeed, it is well established by judgments of the International Court of Justice (the “ICJ”) and investment arbitration awards that, unless a treaty contains specific wording granting full discretion to the State to determine what it considers
Simon Lester 12 Jun 2018 1 min read

The G7 Countries Should Accept Trump's Proposal to Negotiate Total Free Trade

This is from Trump's press conference at the G7 yesterday: Q Mr. President, you said that this was a positive meeting, but from the outside, it seemed quite contentious. Did you get any indication from your interlocutors that they were going to make any concessions to you? And
Simon Lester 10 Jun 2018 3 min read

Trump on the NAFTA Sunset Clause

This is from Trump's press conference at the G7 meeting: Q Are you close to a deal on NAFTA? Your Press Secretary said (inaudible). THE PRESIDENT: So two things can happen on NAFTA. We’ll either leave it the way it is, as a threesome deal with Canada
Simon Lester 10 Jun 2018 2 min read

Comments by Steve Charnovitz on 232 Autos Investigation Filed 8 June 2018

Comments by Steve Charnovitz on US Department of Commerce Section 232 Investigation of Automobiles, DOC-2018-0002 June 8, 2018 As I noted in my April 26, 2017 comments on the 232 Steel investigation, “the idea that imports of goods, services, or capital could undermine national security is farfetched”[1]
Charnovitz 08 Jun 2018 3 min read

Third Party Funding of ISDS Litigation

Frank Garcia sends the following: "Thanks to Anthea Roberts for enhancing UNCITRAL's own transparency efforts regarding the recent working group meeting in New York, and posting such a treasure trove of State comments.  I and a team of Boston College Law students were also in New York
Simon Lester 07 Jun 2018 1 min read

UNCITRAL and ISDS Reforms: Concerns about Costs, Transparency, Third Party Funding and Counterclaims

As explained in a previous post, we have put together four posts that compile the most relevant quotes from the first two meetings of the UNCITRAL Working Group sessions on states’ concerns about investor-state dispute settlement. To facilitate discussions about the desirability of reforms and their potential nature, we
Anthea Roberts 07 Jun 2018 17 min read

Canada's "As Such" Complaint Against Section 232

This is from Canada's consultations request on the Section 232 tariffs: In addition, Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 and its associated regulations appear to be "as such" inconsistent with Articles I:1 and II:1 of the GATT 1994 and does not
Simon Lester 06 Jun 2018 2 min read

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What Kind of Discrimination Should Section 338 Target?

A couple weeks ago, the U.S. International Trade Commission asked for public comments on implementing Section 338.
25 Sep 2026 5 min read

Jake Sullivan Wants To Build On the Biden Administration's Industrial Policy

In a recent article, Jake Sullivan makes the case for continuing on with the Biden administration's economic policies, arguing for an even broader and more comprehensive industrial policy than what we saw under Biden.
13 Sep 2026 6 min read

How Difficult Will It Be Politically To Remove Trump's Tariffs?

Heather Hurlburt, who was the Chief of Staff for U.S. Trade Rep. Katherine Tai from 2022-2024, recently poured some cold water on the idea that Trump's tariffs might be removed quickly after he is out of office.
12 Aug 2026 3 min read

Why Section 338 Does Not Work in a GATT/WTO World: Lessons from Trade Law History

On July 21, 2026, President Trump exercised his authority under Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (hereinafter Section 338) to impose the maximum amount of additional tariffs (fifty per cent) on Canadian cars, alcohol, and dairy, owing to his determination of Canada’s discriminatory treatment of US exports.
23 Jul 2026 10 min read

EU WTO Reform Proposal Seeks To Extend Accession-Based State Enterprise Rules To All Members

In a new WTO reform paper entitled "Further Reflections on Disciplines, Subsidies and Industrial policy," the EU argues for stronger WTO disciplines on the behavior of state enterprises.
17 Jul 2026 5 min read

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