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The EU/UK FTA and Trade Remedies

No surprise, but the EU/UK FTA imposes effectively no constraints on trade remedy use between the parties. Eight short, one-sentence paragraphs, with paragraph 8 carving paragraphs 1-6 out of dispute settlement. There is no value-added here beyond an (unenforceable) requirement to consider information on public interest (para. 6). The
Jesse Kreier 26 Dec 2020 2 min read

A Few Quick Thoughts on the "Rebalancing" Provisions in the "Level Playing Field" Section of the UK-EU Trade Agreement

As a Christmas gift of sorts, the UK and EU gave us their new trade agreement yesterday (still needs to undergo a legal scrub I think). There is a long section on creating a "level playing field." Here is a key bit of the part relating to "
Simon Lester 26 Dec 2020 5 min read

Countervailing Weak Environmental Protections

This is from a Draft Ministerial Decision submitted by the U.S. under the title "Advancing Sustainability Goals through Trade Rules to Level the Playing Field": Believing that no Member should gain a comparative advantage in trade due to insufficient or unenforced environmental laws, regulations, and standards; ... Recognizing
Simon Lester 23 Dec 2020 2 min read

Some Comments on the Trump Administration's Final Statement to the DSB on the Appellate Body

In what may be the last official statement by the Trump administration on the Appellate Body, Ambassador Shea offered these comments at the December 18 DSB meeting. I have some responses to his comments. I will do this in three parts, quoting him and then responding. First up, he said
Simon Lester 22 Dec 2020 10 min read

Countervailing the EU's Emissions Trading Scheme, Part 2

Back in November, I posted about a preliminary US Commerce Department decision to treat certain free allowances under the EU's Emission Trading System as a countervailable subsidy.  The other shoe has now dropped, as the DOC on 11 December confirmed its conclusions in the final determinations in Forged
Jesse Kreier 17 Dec 2020 2 min read

GSP and GSP Conditionality under the Trump Administration

I am somewhat of a skeptic on giving tariff preferences to developing countries, because my instinct is that discrimination in trade relations is bad and should generally be avoided. But with GSP programs, the goal is development and the means is lowering tariffs, and I can see how there would
Simon Lester 17 Dec 2020 2 min read

The Shadows of WTO Irrelevance

The Shadows of WTO Irrelevance Steve Charnovitz 14 December 2020 On 10 December 2020, WTO Deputy Director-General Alan Wolff gave a thoughtful presentation entitled “The WTO must not continue as it is.”  In his speech, DDG Wolff warns that “if the WTO does not engage fully with environmental issues, with
Charnovitz 14 Dec 2020 2 min read

Guest Post: Leveraging Capacity Building and Technology Transfer under TRIPS for Online Teaching in Africa

This is a guest post by Susan Isiko Štrba of International Lawyers and Economists for Development: COVID-19 caused a number of learning institutions, especially in the developing world, to come to a stand still. On the other hand, developing countries faithfully domesticated international Intellectual Property (IP) standards in an effort
Simon Lester 14 Dec 2020 6 min read

"WTO cases" in FTA fora: will it be a thing?

How quickly things change. Just a few years ago some trade lawyers were proposing that FTAs refer their disputes to the WTO DS mechanism. Now, it seems that there is a new trend – addressing what are in effect WTO disputes through FTA dispute settlement. This week, an Arbitration Panel under
Jesse Kreier 13 Dec 2020 2 min read

The Official Announcement of Biden's Nomination of Katherine Tai

Here was President-Elect Biden's introduction of Katherine Tai as his nominee for U.S. Trade Representative (starts at 14:42): For the United States Trade Representative, I nominate Katherine Tai, a trusted trade expert, a dedicated public servant who knows government, and who has spent her career levelling
Simon Lester 11 Dec 2020 4 min read

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International Economic Law and Policy Blog

International Economic Law and Policy Blog

Expert commentary on the law, politics and economics of international trade and investment

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Is Foreign Antitrust Enforcement "Discriminatory" and "Anti-American"?

The House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust held a hearing in December on "Anti-American Antitrust: How Foreign Governments Target U.S. Businesses." There was a lot of talk at the hearing about how foreign regulations and regulators "discriminate" against American companies.
05 Jan 2026 5 min read

Pennsylvania Court Finds Mexican Government Guilty of "Discrimination" Due To Its Subsidies

I'm always interested in how courts apply the concept of "discrimination" in the context of international trade, so I've been eagerly awaiting a Pennsylvania court decision in a case against Mexico.
12 Dec 2025 8 min read

Economic Security in Trade Agreements: My Response to Geoff Gertz

Thanks to Geoff for laying out his vision of why economic security should be in trade agreements and how to bring it in. It won't surprise anyone to hear I have some additional comments and questions in response!
04 Dec 2025 10 min read

Guest Post: The Case for Bringing Economic Security Priorities into U.S. Trade Agreements, Part II

This is a guest post from Geoffrey Gertz of the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), responding to my post on Economic and National Security Provisions in U.S. Trade Agreements An earlier post made the case for why the United States should bring economic security commitments into trade
01 Dec 2025 3 min read

Guest Post: The Case for Bringing Economic Security Priorities into U.S. Trade Agreements, Part I

Thanks to Simon for kickstarting a debate on the prospect of bringing economic security provisions into trade agreements, and for allowing me to respond here.
26 Nov 2025 4 min read

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