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Defending Globalization

Cato has a new project on "Defending Globalization," with a number of contributions so far and more coming. Here's the description: Globalization faces renewed attention—and criticism. Like any market phenomenon, the free movement of people, things, money, and ideas across natural or political borders is
Simon Lester 13 Sep 2023 2 min read

How To Design a Subsidy Rule Carveout for Carbon Reduction Measures

Jennifer Hillman and Inu Manak have a new paper out called "Rethinking International Rules on Subsidies." In a nutshell, they argue that all the new subsidies being thrown around are likely to create difficulties in international economic relations, and some revised rules might help with that. One key
Simon Lester 10 Sep 2023 2 min read

The IPEF Supply Chain Agreement: Commitments, Institutions, Labor, Monitoring, Security, and Consultations

I haven't been following the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) negotiations as closely as some other people have, but I see that the text of the IPEF's Supply Chain Agreement was released yesterday. I don't have any hot takes on all this, but
Simon Lester 08 Sep 2023 6 min read

Post by Joel Trachtman: Remaking Trade for Sustainable Development

Joel was having trouble posting, so despite my name as the author of the post, this is actually from him: Some readers of this blog are old enough to remember when I resisted arguments to apply international environmental law in WTO dispute settlement.  My position then was based on a
Simon Lester 07 Sep 2023 2 min read

The First CPTPP Panel Report

The first CPTPP panel report, in the Canada - Dairy TRQs case, was just circulated. A case on similar issues has already been litigated under the USMCA, and a new USMCA case is currently being litigated. At this point, I have just two small things to note about the panel
Simon Lester 06 Sep 2023 1 min read

What if the Clinton Administration Hadn't Agreed to China's WTO Accession?

In recent years, I've frequently heard the argument that the Clinton administration made a mistake by allowing China to join the WTO. The specific actions here are the Clinton administration's completion of a bilateral deal with China in 1999 (which paved the way for other governments
Simon Lester 05 Sep 2023 2 min read

The U.S. “Worker-Centered Trade Policy” is helping some workers in Mexico but not in America

This Labor Day post seeks to shed light on the Biden administration’s “worker-centered” trade policy.  It argues that the United States-Mexico-Canada trade agreement (USMCA) misses a critical opportunity to strengthen workers’ rights in America.  The agreement’s provisions exclude protections for the most vulnerable workers in U.S. trade
Desiree LeClercq 03 Sep 2023 8 min read

Trump's Latest Tariff Talk

Former president Trump had the following exchange with his former economic adviser Larry Kudlow the other day: Kudlow: Let me ask you, what's your thinking here? Would you want tariffs on foreign goods coming into the US, take those revenues and cut taxes on American goods and American
Simon Lester 24 Aug 2023 3 min read

The thin line between "consistent with" GATT Article XXI and "pursuant to" GATT Article XXI.

A curious realisation from the newly released panel report for China – Additional Duties on Certain Products from the United States (DS558) – for thinking through the legal characterisation of security measures under WTO law. After the United States – Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products (DS544/552/556/564) panel reports
Mona Paulsen 17 Aug 2023 9 min read

Guest Post: A Reply to Aaron Cosbey’s Comment on our CBAM Post, from Reinhard Quick, Saarland University and Isha Das, University of Passau.

This is a guest post from Reinhard Quick, Saarland University and Isha Das, University of Passau. We would like to thank Aaron Cosbey for his thoughtful comments on our guest post and would like to reply by offering the following comments: 1. Prevention of Carbon Leakage The imposition of CBAMs
Simon Lester 16 Aug 2023 6 min read

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Guest Post: Too Big To Fail: The EU Steel Industry, Article XXVIII of the GATT 1994 and the EU’s Free Trade Agreements

This is a guest post by trade lawyer Victor Crochet and law professor Weihuan Zhou Steel has long been a contentious topic in international trade, in part because of the numerous jobs it creates and its relevance to downstream industries including those related to national defense. In the European Union
13 Oct 2025 8 min read

Beware the "Securitization" of Trade Policy

In recent years, U.S. trade policy has seen a creeping takeover by "security" concerns. The precise scope of these concerns is unclear, but they appear to cover both the traditional aspects of military-related security as well as the vague and amorphous concept of "economic security."
06 Oct 2025 4 min read

Stephen Miran on Tariffs and National Savings

In a speech earlier this week, Stephen Miran, who had been the Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers and is now a member of the Federal Reserve Board, made his case for a looser monetary policy. One aspect of his argument was that he thinks national savings will be
24 Sep 2025 4 min read

A GOP Tariff Working Group and Post-Trump U.S. Trade Politics

The Hill reported last week that a handful of pro-trade Republicans in Congress used some leverage during a vote about voting on tariffs – it's complicated, check out the details at the link for more! – to get a Republican working group on tariffs established: And [Tom] McClintock [R-CA] said
21 Sep 2025 4 min read

The Japan-U.S. Investment MOU: Centrally Planned Foreign Investment?

In the last post, Mona set out the basics of the Japan-U.S. MOU on "Strategic Investments" in the U.S. – or at least, a version of the MOU that was posted by the Japanese government online, although we don't know for sure if this is
14 Sep 2025 3 min read

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