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GATT Articles III:4/I:1 vs. TBT 2.1

From the EU's other appellant submission in EC - Seal Products: 284. The European Union appeals the Panel's finding that it "do[es] not consider that the legal standard with respect to the non-discrimination obligation under Article 2.1 of the TBT Agreement 'equally
Simon Lester 03 Feb 2014 2 min read

Dealing with Frivolous Investor State Claims

This is from what looks like a fairly recent (November 2013) leaked draft of the CETA text: Article x-14: Claims Manifestly Without Legal Merit 1. The respondent may, either no later than 30 days after the constitution of a tribunal pursuant to Article x- (Constitution of Tribunal) and in any
Simon Lester 03 Feb 2014 1 min read

The Seal Products Appeals

Canada's is here; Norway's is here. It's hard to predict how these appeals will go.  What issues will the AB focus on?  How much of the panel's findings will the AB revise?  Maybe the oral hearing will give us an indication. In
Simon Lester 30 Jan 2014 1 min read

Later vs. Earlier Treaties Under the VCLT

As all of you international law experts out there know far better than I do, Article 30(3) of the VCLT states: 3. When all the parties to the earlier treaty are parties also to the later treaty but the earlier treaty is not terminated or suspended in operation under
Simon Lester 28 Jan 2014 1 min read

ISDS in TTIP: Are Specific Scheduled Obligations and/or Direct Effect a Way Forward?

I read Karel de Gucht's Dusseldorf speech this past Wednesday with interest, not only for the question Simon rightly raises.  It is plausible that ISDS, and the proposed substantive obligations, would provide greater protection from abuse, and greater incentives to invest, where the host country has less reliable
Trachtman 25 Jan 2014 1 min read

Defending Investor-State: What Are the Government Actions That Are at Issue?

EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht gave a speech on the TTIP today.  In it, he said this about investor-state: Investment agreements also exist for a reason. Europe's economy – and Germany's in particular – benefits from the investments our companies make in other countries. And it is
Simon Lester 22 Jan 2014 1 min read

Coercive Economic Measures

The Faroe Islands' WTO complaint against the EU related to herring is going to be really interesting.  We might finally get some guidance on an issue I find challenging:  How to deal with "coercive economic measures."  Here's how the panel request in the case starts:
Simon Lester 22 Jan 2014 1 min read

The European Commission Wants Input on ISDS

From the European Commission: EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht today announced his decision to consult the public on the investment provisions of a future EU-US trade deal, known as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). The decision follows unprecedented public interest in the talks. It also reflects the
Simon Lester 21 Jan 2014 1 min read

NSA Spying and Economic Policy

From today's Presidential Policy Directive on Signals Intelligence Activities: (c) The collection of foreign private commercial information or trade secrets is authorized only to protect the national security of the United States or its partners and allies. It is not an authorized foreign intelligence or counterintelligence purpose to
Simon Lester 17 Jan 2014 1 min read

Human Health vs. Trade Liberalization

If I had been blogging in 1990, I probably would have commented on this statement by the Thailand - Cigarettes GATT panel: 73. The Panel then defined the issues which arose under this provision. In agreement with the parties to the dispute and the expert from the WHO, the Panel
Simon Lester 16 Jan 2014 1 min read

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The Section 301 Surge Continues: Investigating the Adoption/Enforcement/Administration of Forced Labor Import Bans

This Section 301 investigation intends to pressure all sixty named trade partners (even, inexplicably, including Canada and Mexico) to adopt similar enforcement procedures. This announcement is highly problematic for the four reasons I address below.
16 Mar 2026 4 min read

The Section 301 Surge Is Upon Us: Investigating Excess Capacity and Production

The first of a large batch of expected Section 301 investigations has arrived, as USTR announced yesterday that it was initiating investigations on acts, policies, and practices of various countries/economies "relating to structural excess capacity and production in manufacturing sectors."
12 Mar 2026 3 min read

Debunking the "Hyperglobalization" Trade Policy Myth

Policy is often shaped by narratives, and recently there has been a bipartisan effort to create a narrative that, starting in the early 1990s, globalization and free trade went too far.
03 Mar 2026 8 min read

Guest Post: Are President Trump’s New Section 122 Tariffs Legal?

This is a guest post from Bryan Riley and Joe Bishop-Henchman. Bryan is Director of the Free Trade Initiative at the National Taxpayers Union; Joe is Executive Vice President at the National Taxpayers Union Foundation President Trump has issued new 10% tariffs, shortly after raised to 15%, based on Section
24 Feb 2026 6 min read

Section 122 as a (Partial) Replacement for the IEEPA Tariffs

Apparently, this is the era of dusting off old international economic policy statutes and figuring out what they mean and how they work. After the Supreme Court's ruling today in Learning Resources, holding that "IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs," we are now
20 Feb 2026 5 min read

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