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The CAFTA Labor Panel: Due Process Issues

In the U.S. - Guatemala CAFTA labor case, there's also a really interesting issue about the use of witness statements as evidence.  Here are some excerpts from a panel ruling issued on Feb 26: 9. However, Guatemala’s letter to the panel of that same day raised
Simon Lester 25 Mar 2015 5 min read

The U.S. Rebuttal Submission in the CAFTA Labor Case: In a Manner Affecting Trade

The U.S. - Guatemala CAFTA labor case is heating up.  I'm going to raise the "in a manner affecting trade" issue once again. Recall that CAFTA Article 16.2.1(a) says: A Party shall not fail to effectively enforce its labor laws, through a
Simon Lester 25 Mar 2015 2 min read

Even Stricter Seal Products Bans

From the CBC (via Lawrence Friedman): A woman from Corner Brook is learning about the high cost of fashion after she was fined US $250 on Monday for trying to cross the border with a sealskin purse. In early March, Nora Fitzgerald and her friend decided to drive across the
Simon Lester 25 Mar 2015 1 min read

More from the Draft Indian Model BIT: Exceptions

Here's one more provision from that draft Indian model BIT: Chapter V – Exceptions Article 16: General Exceptions 16.1 Nothing in this Treaty precludes the Host State from taking actions or measures of general applicability which it considers necessary with respect to the following, including: (i) protecting public
Simon Lester 25 Mar 2015 1 min read

Indian Reforms to Minimum Standard of Treatment and National Treatment

The draft Indian model BIT (PDF is here), which I just heard about (from Mona Pinchis), has some new language on minimum standard of treatment: Chapter II: Obligations of Parties Article 3: Standard of Treatment 3.1 Each Party shall not subject Investments of Investors of the other Party to
Simon Lester 24 Mar 2015 2 min read

ACWL Job Opening

This is a great opportunity to work on WTO disputes, in Geneva, with a really good group of people: The Advisory Centre on WTO Law (ACWL) is seeking to fill a vacancy for one of our positions of Counsel.   We are looking for a lawyer with approximately one to three
Simon Lester 24 Mar 2015 1 min read

Bilcon NAFTA Chapter 11 Award: FET Issues

Some people are surprised that I am so obsessed with concerned about ISDS.  I've tried explaining it in various ways, but I've had trouble getting my point across.  I think the Bilcon decision from last week can help me clarify.  (Investment Arbitration Reporter explains the case
Simon Lester 23 Mar 2015 3 min read

China's Market Economy Status in 2016

From trade lawyer Bernard O'Connor: So, as Shakespeare might have said, to conclude this little tale: 1) China agreed in 2001 when it joined the WTO that it was not a market economy. 2) There is nothing in Article 15 giving China the status of a market economy
Simon Lester 23 Mar 2015 1 min read

The Bilcon Decision: The Environment, Local Politics and the Rule of Law

Simon Lester already blogged this morning about the NAFTA investor-state award in Bilcon v. Canada, focusing on one particular issue concerning National Treatment.  The award is interesting on a number of fronts, including the issue of the minimum standard of treatment (Fair and Equitable Treatment) in relation to customary international
Rob Howse 20 Mar 2015 6 min read

Clayton/Bilcon NAFTA Chapter 11 Award: National Treatment Issues

Today's big ISDS news is the NAFTA Chapter 11 award in the Clayton/Bilcon case (award here, dissent here). The tribunal found violations of Article 1105 (minimum standard of treatment) and Article 1102 (national treatment).  The dissenter focused his reasoning on Article 1105, but dissented from both findings.
Simon Lester 20 Mar 2015 2 min read

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Is this the end of MFN as we know it? The EU submission on WTO reform and the meaning of development

With the release of the EU submission on WTO reform, it has become clear that the MFN principle’s central role within the WTO architecture is under challenge. As a keystone, it risks the entire bridge falling. Even if the foundations are retained but deemed outdated or unusable, and a
23 Jan 2026 3 min read

Can "Geopolitical" Tariffs Be Dealt With through Trade Deals?

Last Friday, U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer was asked about Trump's initial suggestion of tariffs related to the goal of taking over Greenland
20 Jan 2026 4 min read

Is Foreign Antitrust Enforcement "Discriminatory" and "Anti-American"?

The House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust held a hearing in December on "Anti-American Antitrust: How Foreign Governments Target U.S. Businesses." There was a lot of talk at the hearing about how foreign regulations and regulators "discriminate" against American companies.
05 Jan 2026 5 min read

Pennsylvania Court Finds Mexican Government Guilty of "Discrimination" Due To Its Subsidies

I'm always interested in how courts apply the concept of "discrimination" in the context of international trade, so I've been eagerly awaiting a Pennsylvania court decision in a case against Mexico.
12 Dec 2025 8 min read

Economic Security in Trade Agreements: My Response to Geoff Gertz

Thanks to Geoff for laying out his vision of why economic security should be in trade agreements and how to bring it in. It won't surprise anyone to hear I have some additional comments and questions in response!
04 Dec 2025 10 min read

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