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How could China respond to recent US export controls?

On October 3, 2022, the United States provided its latest notification list for all quantitative restrictions (the previous notification was in 2020). The notice does not include the recent export restrictions on AI and semiconductors to China, as part of a broader strategy for U.S. technology competition, formally announced
Mona Paulsen 17 Oct 2022 3 min read

Neoliberalism vs. Post-Neoliberalism vs. Plain Old Mixed Economies

I recently went to an event on industrial policy hosted by the Roosevelt Institute, and on one panel Rana Foroohar of the FT said the following about neoliberalism and post-neoliberalism: So let me scene set a little bit about where we've been, and in particular, the neoliberal paradigm,
Simon Lester 16 Oct 2022 3 min read

The Colombia - Frozen Fries MPIA Appeal

The first MPIA appeal (and second DSU Article 25 arbitration appeal) is now underway as Colombia has appealed the Colombia - Frozen Fries (DS591) dispute. The WTO announced today that the following arbitrators will hear the case: * Mr José Alfredo GRAÇA LIMA (Chairperson) * Mr Alejandro JARA * Mr Joost PAUWELYN With
Simon Lester 12 Oct 2022 3 min read

Katherine Tai on Enforcing Trade Agreements

This is a question on the enforcement of trade agreements from an event at which U.S. Trade Rep. Tai spoke today: I've always been struck at the priority you place on enforcement of trade agreements. It's always a tricky task for any administration. There have
Simon Lester 11 Oct 2022 2 min read

The Origins of Trade Law's Rules on Domestic Regulation

Until now, research into the League of Nations economic discussions was a serious challenge. You needed to be an archives master like Mona Paulsen to make much progress. But things have changed with a new digitization efforts by the UN folks, which includes most -- and eventually all, I think
Simon Lester 09 Oct 2022 2 min read

Where Did "Scientific Basis" Come From in Trade Rules?

At a Congressional hearing recently to confirm Alexis Taylor as Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs, Taylor offered the following comments on "science-based" regulation as an international trade law principle: I think from the question of new trade deals, what I'm very
Simon Lester 02 Oct 2022 2 min read

Another Thing Spiking in 2022 America: Harm to the WTO

Friends of the World Trade Organization (WTO) experienced some distress during the US government’s 2017-2020 cycle.  They did not expect American disrespect for the WTO and its rules to reach a new, much-higher watermark in the current cycle.  But that has occurred.  Responsive commentary has been curiously low-volume so
John Magnus 29 Sep 2022 8 min read

DSU Article 25 Arbitration: A Long-Term Solution for the Appellate Body Crisis?

To date, proposals for the reform of WTO dispute settlement have focused on institutional improvements of the AB, as represented by the Walker proposal, or possible replacement of the two-tier adjudication with one-tier adjudication by a standing body of full-time panelists, as suggested by Hoekman and Marvroidis (“To AB or
Julia Qin 25 Sep 2022 4 min read

MPIA Update: Another Article 25 Arbitration Appeal Likely Coming Soon, New Dispute Sees Procedures Agreed

There are two new developments with the MPIA. First, Australia and China have agreed "to enter into arbitration under Article 25 of the DSU to decide any appeal from any final panel report as issued to the parties in dispute Australia – Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Duty Measures on Certain Products
Simon Lester 21 Sep 2022 2 min read

Enforcing the IPEF: Unilateralism and Incentives vs. Adjudication

This is from an Inside US Trade article from last week: Members of the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity agree on a need to pursue binding commitments, ministers told Inside U.S. Trade last week, but those commitments likely will differ from those in other trade arrangements as countries consider
Simon Lester 19 Sep 2022 3 min read

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International Economic Law and Policy Blog

International Economic Law and Policy Blog

Expert commentary on the law, politics and economics of international trade and investment

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Is Foreign Antitrust Enforcement "Discriminatory" and "Anti-American"?

The House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust held a hearing in December on "Anti-American Antitrust: How Foreign Governments Target U.S. Businesses." There was a lot of talk at the hearing about how foreign regulations and regulators "discriminate" against American companies.
05 Jan 2026 5 min read

Pennsylvania Court Finds Mexican Government Guilty of "Discrimination" Due To Its Subsidies

I'm always interested in how courts apply the concept of "discrimination" in the context of international trade, so I've been eagerly awaiting a Pennsylvania court decision in a case against Mexico.
12 Dec 2025 8 min read

Economic Security in Trade Agreements: My Response to Geoff Gertz

Thanks to Geoff for laying out his vision of why economic security should be in trade agreements and how to bring it in. It won't surprise anyone to hear I have some additional comments and questions in response!
04 Dec 2025 10 min read

Guest Post: The Case for Bringing Economic Security Priorities into U.S. Trade Agreements, Part II

This is a guest post from Geoffrey Gertz of the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), responding to my post on Economic and National Security Provisions in U.S. Trade Agreements An earlier post made the case for why the United States should bring economic security commitments into trade
01 Dec 2025 3 min read

Guest Post: The Case for Bringing Economic Security Priorities into U.S. Trade Agreements, Part I

Thanks to Simon for kickstarting a debate on the prospect of bringing economic security provisions into trade agreements, and for allowing me to respond here.
26 Nov 2025 4 min read

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