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Balancing Trade and the Environment

From a European Commission press release: On Monday 24 January, the Korean Ministry of Environment made a public announcement of a number of adjustments that will be introduced in a new regulation on car CO2 emissions and fuel efficiency. These follow consultations launched by the Korean Government on a draft
Simon Lester 25 Jan 2011 1 min read

Applicability of the NAFTA "Prudential Carveout" to Capital Controls

I wonder if readers would agree with the following preliminary analysis of whether the NAFTA "prudential carveout" applies to except capital controls from the provisions regarding free transfer of investments. Capital controls for limited purposes are becoming more popular among economists, including those at the IMF. First, using
Trachtman 20 Jan 2011 2 min read

What John Bolton Doesn't Know about International Law

. . . could fill an international law library.  See his statement against "pooling sovereignty" in the Washington Examiner (is that a newspaper?).  This seems to be a general position against all international law, including presumably trade, investment, IP, etc.  To add insult to ignorance, he refers to President Obama as
Trachtman 20 Jan 2011 1 min read

The Role of Intent in WTO Non-Discrimination Obligations

I thought this was a good question from the panel in the U.S. - Tuna Labeling (DS381) dispute: 111. To the United States: Please clarify the relevance of your arguments relating to the justification of the measure in terms of dolphin protection, such as the arguments related to the
Simon Lester 19 Jan 2011 5 min read

"China’s Currency Isn’t Our Problem"

That's from Mark Wu, writing in the NY Times.  But just to be clear, he is not saying that China's currency policies are not a problem, but rather that they are everyone's problem, not just a problem for the U.S.: China’s currency
Simon Lester 19 Jan 2011 1 min read

WTO Dispute Submissions: USTR Posting of Other Government's Submissions

I don't know if this is new, but it's the first time I have noticed it.  USTR seems to be posting the non-confidential version of other governments' submissions in disputes against the U.S.  The executive summary of the Philippines' first written submission in
Simon Lester 18 Jan 2011 1 min read

"there is not a system of precedent within the WTO dispute settlement system and panels are not bound by Appellate Body reasoning"

That's from the panel in U.S. - Zeroing (Korea) (DS402), circulated today.  Here's the full context (without footnotes): 7.29 Korea relies upon the Appellate Body report in US – Softwood Lumber V  to argue that the United States acted inconsistently with the first sentence of
Simon Lester 18 Jan 2011 1 min read

The U.S. Record in NAFTA Chapter 11 Cases: Still Undefeated

Over the week-end, the State Department announced the following: On January 12, 2011, a three-member NAFTA arbitration tribunal rejected a claim against the United States filed by Grand River Enterprises Six Nations, Ltd., a Canadian corporation, and Jerry Montour, Kenneth Hill and Arthur Montour Jr., members of Canadian First Nations,
Simon Lester 17 Jan 2011 1 min read

Location Subsidies for Solar Panel Production

From the NY Times: Aided by at least $43 million in assistance from the government of Massachusetts and an innovative solar energy technology, Evergreen Solar emerged in the last three years as the third-largest maker of solar panels in the United States. But now the company is closing its main
Simon Lester 17 Jan 2011 2 min read

Institutional Balance at the WTO

The idea of an "institutional balance" between the legislative, executive and judicial organs of the WTO came up in the India - Quantitative Restrictions and Turkey - Textiles cases.  On this issue, see Frieder Roessler's piece entitled "The Institutional Balance between the Judicial and the
Simon Lester 13 Jan 2011 4 min read

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International Economic Law and Policy Blog

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The Section 301 Excess Capacity Investigation Needs Less Madness, More Method

Shortly after the Supreme Court ruled President Trump’s emergency tariffs under IEEPA  unconstitutional, the administration scrambled to rebuild its tariff wall. While the announcement of Section 122 tariffs immediately following the ruling will provide a temporary patch, the U.S. Trade Representative’s office quickly began to utilize another
24 Apr 2026 6 min read

War Tariffs

This is a co-authored post by Kathleen Claussen and Tim Meyer. Last week, President Trump announced that the United States would be imposing new tariffs of 50 percent of the value of any product coming from any country that sells weapons or provides military aid to Iran. Some commentators questioned
14 Apr 2026 5 min read

USMCA Review and Extension Predictions

When the idea of an expiration clause was suggested during the NAFTA renegotiation, I was against it from the start, and Inu and I wrote a pretty critical piece about it at the time. A review is great, we said, let's definitely have reviews, and there are plenty of ways to do that.
08 Apr 2026 5 min read

The Section 301 Surge Continues: Investigating the Adoption/Enforcement/Administration of Forced Labor Import Bans

This Section 301 investigation intends to pressure all sixty named trade partners (even, inexplicably, including Canada and Mexico) to adopt similar enforcement procedures. This announcement is highly problematic for the four reasons I address below.
16 Mar 2026 4 min read

The Section 301 Surge Is Upon Us: Investigating Excess Capacity and Production

The first of a large batch of expected Section 301 investigations has arrived, as USTR announced yesterday that it was initiating investigations on acts, policies, and practices of various countries/economies "relating to structural excess capacity and production in manufacturing sectors."
12 Mar 2026 3 min read

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