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Is Investment Treaty Arbitration Biased Against Developing Countries?

In a short paper, Kevin Gallagher and Elen Shrestha discuss the issue of whether investment treaty arbitration is biased against developing countries.  They first note the argument of those who say there is no bias: Defenders claim that the system does not unfairly subject developing countries to arbitral panels.  When
Simon Lester 08 Jun 2011 3 min read

Is the TPP a Model for Future Trade Agreements?

Claude Barfield wonders whether the Trans-Pacific Partnership is "a model for twenty-first-century trade agreements."  In this regard, he notes that: At the first meeting in Melbourne in March 2010, the negotiators established ten negotiating groups, including industrial goods, agriculture, sanitary and phytosanitary standards, telecommunications, financial services, customs rules
Simon Lester 05 Jun 2011 3 min read

Zeroing at the Supreme Court?

Following-up on this post, here's the question presented to the U.S. Supreme Court in a cert. petition filed by steel company Nucor last week: Whether the Tariff Act of 1930—which defines “dumping” as “the sale or likely sale of goods at less than fair value” and
Simon Lester 30 May 2011 8 min read

A WTO Moot Court Dynasty?

Melbourne Law School has won again: Melbourne Law School has won the prestigious 2011 European Law Students’ Association Moot Court Competition on the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva. Melbourne’s team comprised law students Philip Aitken (Juris Doctor), Glyn Ayres (Juris Doctor), Daniel Ari Baker (Bachelor
Simon Lester 30 May 2011 1 min read

Intent, Export Contingency, and National Treatment

Do the Appellate Body's statements in EC - Aircraft on de facto export contingency tell us anything about the National Treatment standard?  The Panel's findings had seemed to place a lot of emphasis on the reasons for the measure as the basis for determining whether export
Simon Lester 26 May 2011 3 min read

John Magnus on the Appellate Body's Double Remedies Ruling

He doesn't like it.  Here's one part of why: The following is a fair summary of the AB decision. Domestic subsidies when used to reduce export price will, unless they also produce a lower normal value calculation, increase the recipient’s dumping margin and be offset
Simon Lester 22 May 2011 2 min read

Extinguishment of Subsidies: Three Members, Three Opinions

In case there was any doubt that the issue of whether subsidies can be "extinguished" through privatizations or other sales of a company, the three members of the Appellate Body Division in EC - Aircraft set out three separate opinions on the issue: 726. Although the Members of
Simon Lester 19 May 2011 4 min read

The EC - Aircraft Appellate Body Report: The New Export Subsidy Standard

From the report: 1044. Because anticipated exportation "alone is not proof that the granting of the subsidy is tied tothe anticipation of exportation"2342, the legal standard for  de facto  export contingency under Article 3.1(a) and footnote 4 of the SCM Agreement further requires that there
Simon Lester 18 May 2011 3 min read

The EC - Aircraft Appellate Body Report

Here it is on our web site.  The big issues I was looking at are: -- Is launch aid a program? -- Can certain launch aid contracts at issue be considered "export subsidies"? Here's what the Appellate Body said on each: Is launch aid a program?
Simon Lester 18 May 2011 3 min read

Even More Double Remedies

AFP reports: China said Monday it would levy anti-subsidy duties of up to 11.19 percent on imports of EU potato starch, in apparent retaliation over Brussels' decision to slap taxes on Chinese fine art paper. The commerce ministry said in a statement that importers of potato starch will
Simon Lester 16 May 2011 4 min read

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Guest Post: Are President Trump’s New Section 122 Tariffs Legal?

This is a guest post from Bryan Riley and Joe Bishop-Henchman. Bryan is Director of the Free Trade Initiative at the National Taxpayers Union; Joe is Executive Vice President at the National Taxpayers Union Foundation President Trump has issued new 10% tariffs, shortly after raised to 15%, based on Section
24 Feb 2026 6 min read

Section 122 as a (Partial) Replacement for the IEEPA Tariffs

Apparently, this is the era of dusting off old international economic policy statutes and figuring out what they mean and how they work. After the Supreme Court's ruling today in Learning Resources, holding that "IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs," we are now
20 Feb 2026 5 min read

Comparing the Forced Labor Provisions in the New U.S. Trade Deals

Continuing my multi-part blog posting series on comparing provisions in the Trump administration trade agreements, let's look now at the provisions that try to induce U.S. trading partners to take action against imports made with forced labor.
20 Feb 2026 4 min read

AOC on Foreign Policy and Trade Policy

AOC spoke on a couple panels last week at the Munich Security Conference and also spoke at the Technische Universität Berlin, and this European trip was widely seen as a move to establish some foreign policy credentials for a presidential run.
17 Feb 2026 12 min read

Comparing the Enforcement Provisions in the New U.S. Trade Deals

Building on the comparison of trade agreement provisions in my last post, let's take a look at the "enforcement" provisions of the six agreements for which the legal texts have been published.
11 Feb 2026 4 min read

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