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"Likeness" in Spirits and Cigarettes

As mentioned here, the recent Appellate Body findings on likeness in the Philippines - Spirits decision seem to mean that competitiveness is the key to the "likeness" analysis, even under GATT Article III:2, first sentence.  Here's what we said about this issue in our DSC
Simon Lester 08 Jan 2012 4 min read

The Clove Cigarettes Appeal

The U.S. appellant's submission is here:  http://www.ustr.gov/webfm_send/3225  Here's one issue I'll be watching during the appeal: 73. In reaching its conclusion that Section 907(a)(1)(A) accords less favorable treatment to imported clove cigarettes than to
Simon Lester 05 Jan 2012 1 min read

Yale Conference on the ICSID Annulment Procedure

From the editors of the Yale Journal of International Law: For over 40 years, the World Bank’s International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) has offered investors and states a unique arbitration mechanism, which trades off diplomatic protection on behalf of investors in return for commitments by
Simon Lester 05 Jan 2012 1 min read

Differentiated Tariff Rates for "Toys" and "Dolls"

Blogger Matt Yglesias is shocked by the different U.S. tariff rates for toys and dolls: You probably did not realize that the official legal position of Marvel is that contrary to the general thematic content of the Marvel Universe, mutants are not people. A recent Radiolab podcast brings the
Simon Lester 03 Jan 2012 1 min read

Bhagwati on the U.S. Influence on FTAs

From a recent opinion piece by Jagdish Bhagwati: The US has been establishing a template for its PTAs that includes several items unrelated to trade. So it is no surprise that the TPP template includes numerous agendas unrelated to trade, such as labor standards and restraints on the use of
Simon Lester 01 Jan 2012 1 min read

Antigua's Lawyer Reacts to Legalizing Online Gambling in the U.S.

The Antigua Observer reports on the reaction of Mark Mendel, one of Antigua's lawyers in the WTO gambling dispute, to the Justice Department opinon on online gambling noted the other day: Reacting yesterday to the US assistant attorney general’s view on the matter, Antigua’s counsel Mark
Simon Lester 01 Jan 2012 2 min read

IEL research symposium - Sydney 2 March 2012

The International Economic Law Interest Group of the Australian and New Zealand Society of International Law is holding a research symposium together with the Sydney Centre for International Law at Sydney Law School on Friday 2 March 2012. The goal of the symposium is to promote discussion of work in
Tania Voon 28 Dec 2011 1 min read

The Plain Packaging BIT Claim: Jurisdictional Issues

The Australian government has posted a response to the Philip Morris notice of arbitration in the Plain Packaging BIT claim.  In addition to a brief discussion of substantive issues, Australia has offered some jurisdictional arguments: 29. The Australian Government objects to the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal (by way of
Simon Lester 26 Dec 2011 3 min read

Legalizing (Some) Online Gambling in the U.S.

From the NY Times: The Justice Department has reversed its long-held opposition to many forms of Internet gambling, removing a big legal obstacle for states that want to sanction online gambling to help fix their budget deficits. Although the opinion dealt specifically with lottery tickets, it opened the door for
Simon Lester 26 Dec 2011 1 min read

Appellate Body: Likeness is about Competitiveness

From today's Philippines - Spirits decision: 119. While in the determination of "likeness" a panel may logically start from the physical characteristics of the products, none of the criteria that a panel considers necessarily has an overarching role in the determination of "likeness" under
Simon Lester 21 Dec 2011 1 min read

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Jamieson Greer on the 30 Year Aberration in U.S. Trade Policy

When he was in Davos last week for the World Economic Forum, U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer talked a bit about U.S. trade policy history and described a recent period during which, in his view, U.S. trade policy shifted away from tariffs/protectionism and towards free trade.
29 Jan 2026 6 min read

Is this the end of MFN as we know it? The EU submission on WTO reform and the meaning of development

With the release of the EU submission on WTO reform, it has become clear that the MFN principle’s central role within the WTO architecture is under challenge. As a keystone, it risks the entire bridge falling. Even if the foundations are retained but deemed outdated or unusable, and a
23 Jan 2026 3 min read

Can "Geopolitical" Tariffs Be Dealt With through Trade Deals?

Last Friday, U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer was asked about Trump's initial suggestion of tariffs related to the goal of taking over Greenland
20 Jan 2026 4 min read

Is Foreign Antitrust Enforcement "Discriminatory" and "Anti-American"?

The House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust held a hearing in December on "Anti-American Antitrust: How Foreign Governments Target U.S. Businesses." There was a lot of talk at the hearing about how foreign regulations and regulators "discriminate" against American companies.
05 Jan 2026 5 min read

Pennsylvania Court Finds Mexican Government Guilty of "Discrimination" Due To Its Subsidies

I'm always interested in how courts apply the concept of "discrimination" in the context of international trade, so I've been eagerly awaiting a Pennsylvania court decision in a case against Mexico.
12 Dec 2025 8 min read

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