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Why Do WTO Complaints Fail?

As we all know, most WTO complaints are successful.  I've got the figures at about 90% for cases in which at least one violation is found. So what happens in those cases where the complaint did not succeed?  What are the various reasons that complaints fail? I can&
Simon Lester 08 Dec 2014 1 min read

Is the Obama Administration Doing Enough on Trade?

A criticism I hear a lot is that the Obama adminstration is not doing enough on trade, in particular in relation to domestic trade politics.  Not having worked in this area, I have trouble evaluating this argument.  How much are they actually doing?  How much should they be doing?  What
Simon Lester 04 Dec 2014 3 min read

More on DSU Article 3.10

By the way, if you want to read more about DSU Article 3.10, which played a key role in the Peru - Agricultural Products panel report Joost described yesterday, see this recent paper by Bregt Natens and Sidonie Descheemaeker: Say it Loud, Say it Clear — Article 3.10 DSU’
Simon Lester 04 Dec 2014 1 min read

Waiving WTO Rights in an FTA? Panel Report on Peru - Agricultural Products

Thanks, Simon, for drawing our attention, in your previous post, to the Peru – Agricultural Products case. I have been following this dispute for a while (although I was not in any way involved in it) as it raises fascinating, systemic issues of the relation between WTO and non-WTO agreements (most
Joost Pauwelyn 03 Dec 2014 6 min read

Conflicts between FTAs and the WTO Agreement

This is from last week's Peru - Agricultural Products WTO panel report: 7.525. Peru affirms that, if the Panel finds that the PRS [Price Range System] is inconsistent with its obligations under the WTO agreements, there would be an inconsistency between the FTA (which allows Peru to
Simon Lester 01 Dec 2014 1 min read

What are the Main Criticisms of the Investor-State System?

This is from Judge Stephen Schwebel: Opponents of investor-state arbitration claim that it faces a “legitimacy crisis.” There are three essential contentions advanced by such critics: (1) tribunals are biased toward multinational enterprises; (2) arbitration is asymmetrical because of investors’ freedom to bring claims against states, while states cannot bring
Simon Lester 30 Nov 2014 2 min read

Trade-Restrictiveness vs. Discrimination

This is from a new paper by Tania Voon: ... Discrimination and trade-restrictiveness are two distinct concepts that, while overlapping, should not be conflated. A non-discriminatory internal measure is unlikely to restrict trade, because it is unlikely to reduce the competitive opportunities of imported products vis à vis domestic products. A
Simon Lester 25 Nov 2014 1 min read

Anti-Dumping as Global Governance

This is from a paper by Tomer: considering anti-dumping as an expression of global governance may seem to promise a breath of fresh air. Might governments actually be pursuing some deeper - or loftier - regulatory agendas that could somehow be understood as a form of benign global administration, albeit
Simon Lester 25 Nov 2014 1 min read

Why the India-US WTO Breakthrough-and the Trade Facilitation Agreement-Really Do Matter

Many of you will have seen Alan Beattie's piece on one of the FT blogs suggesting that what happened last week isn't a victory but disguises a defeat, and that the TFA is really trivial.http://on.ft.com/1BQqAB1  I'm guest blogging this
Rob Howse 20 Nov 2014 1 min read

A WTO Claim under the VCLT

This is from the panel request in DS429: Because the United States has acted in the manner just described, Viet Nam considers the proceedings to be inconsistent, as such and as applied on a continued and ongoing basis, with certain WTO obligations. Viet Nam considers these actions to be inconsistent
Simon Lester 20 Nov 2014 1 min read

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International Economic Law and Policy Blog

International Economic Law and Policy Blog

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Jamieson Greer on the 30 Year Aberration in U.S. Trade Policy

When he was in Davos last week for the World Economic Forum, U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer talked a bit about U.S. trade policy history and described a recent period during which, in his view, U.S. trade policy shifted away from tariffs/protectionism and towards free trade.
29 Jan 2026 6 min read

Is this the end of MFN as we know it? The EU submission on WTO reform and the meaning of development

With the release of the EU submission on WTO reform, it has become clear that the MFN principle’s central role within the WTO architecture is under challenge. As a keystone, it risks the entire bridge falling. Even if the foundations are retained but deemed outdated or unusable, and a
23 Jan 2026 3 min read

Can "Geopolitical" Tariffs Be Dealt With through Trade Deals?

Last Friday, U.S. Trade Rep. Jamieson Greer was asked about Trump's initial suggestion of tariffs related to the goal of taking over Greenland
20 Jan 2026 4 min read

Is Foreign Antitrust Enforcement "Discriminatory" and "Anti-American"?

The House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust held a hearing in December on "Anti-American Antitrust: How Foreign Governments Target U.S. Businesses." There was a lot of talk at the hearing about how foreign regulations and regulators "discriminate" against American companies.
05 Jan 2026 5 min read

Pennsylvania Court Finds Mexican Government Guilty of "Discrimination" Due To Its Subsidies

I'm always interested in how courts apply the concept of "discrimination" in the context of international trade, so I've been eagerly awaiting a Pennsylvania court decision in a case against Mexico.
12 Dec 2025 8 min read

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